Free Essay - Mrs. Linde and Nora in Ibsens A Dolls House :: A Dolls House Essays

A Doll’s House Essay: Mrs. Linde and Nora      Ã‚  Ã‚   After reading   â€Å"A Doll’s House† by Hendrik Ibsen. I can conclude that there is both a parallel and a contrast structure in the characters of Mrs. Linde and Nora. A contrasting difference in the characters, are shown not in the characters themselves, but the role that they play in their marriages. These women have different relationships with their husbands. Torvald and Nora have a relationship where there is no equality. To Torvald Nora is an object. Hence, she plays the submissive role in a society where the lady plays the passive role. Her most important obligation is to please Torvald, making her role similar to a slave. He too considers himself superior to her. As for Kristine and Krogstad their relationship is much more open to us. It is apparent that if Kristine and Krogstad were to engage in an argument, it is more likely that that they would come to a compromise. A strong sign that Mrs. Linde brings us a better understanding of Nora is their parallel in characters. Both are willing to sacrifice themselves for values dear to their lives. This act of aiding significant loved ones gives us a better understanding of Nora. It gives us an image of who the character Nora really is. Mrs. Linde shows her loyalty to her family when she did not think that she â€Å"had the right† to refuse her husband’s marriage proposal. After taking into consideration her sick mother, her brothers, and Krogstad having money. She married for the welfare of her family. Which means that in this society family is top priority. To the women is this era, loyalty to their loved ones is highly expected. Then, we have Nora, who on the same token saves her husband (Torvald’s) life, which portrays again, the trend of women sacrificing for their families. They both (Mrs. Linde and Nora) express their feelings of pride and fulfillment in helping their significant others by sacrificing themselves. Nora’s character is made more obvious to us by Mrs. Linde’s actions. Not only did Nora open her mouth about saving her husband‘s life, but she did it with the utmost pride. Claiming to have raised all the money herself she soaks in her self-importance. In Act 1, Nora seems to thrive on the pride she gets from borrowing the money. I suppose that she is feeling useful for a change.

The Storm: An Inner Reflection Essays -- Emotions Psychology Essays

The Storm: An Inner Reflection Memories are all we have sometimes, but what if memories bring out unwelcome feelings? In Romesh Gunesekera's short story "Ranvali," a young lady goes back to her father's old holiday bungalow and begins to discover new feelings toward her beloved Communist father. The story is set in an idyllic bungalow in Ranvali, by the coast of India. Theorists such as Roland Barthes would argue that setting in modern narratives "no longer need meaning: they simply are: that is their meaning." (qtd in Chatman 145). However, in "Ranvali," the storm that besieges the bungalow while the young lady is there clearly mimics her thoughts and gives the reader a greater sense of the inner turmoil that she must be going through. It can thus be shown that the storm is an essential part of the setting that Gunesekera uses to evoke certain feelings in the readers of "Ranvali." In the story, the storm mimics the narrator's inner turmoil at discovering new feelings about her father. But is the storm part of setting? Chatman makes a distinction between existents - characters and setting. For Chatman, "setting 'sets the character off'; it is the place and collection of objects 'against which' his actions and passions appropriately emerge" (Chatman 134). The storm is part of the description of the 'place' where the story unfolds. The memories of the narrator's father, which may be considered the 'actions and passions' within the story, emerge before and after the occurrence of the storm. The storm is thus part of the background to which the events in "Ranvali" occur. Chatman also gives three criteria for being a character - presence, being named and importance (Chatman 139). The storm in "Ranvali" is clearly not explicitly... ...der is given a definite analogy to how she might be feeling. Gunesekera's use of this narrative device as opposed to using the narrator to describe her emotions makes the reader sympathetic to the narrator's plight in an almost unconscious way. Although the storm is part of the setting, it subconsciously draws a connection to the narrator's inner thoughts. The reader thus can imagine that a storm rages within her mind, with thoughts about her father's idealism conflicting with her love for him. Without this narrative device of the storm, the story would have been much impoverished, as the final effect of "Ranvali" would have been much reduced. Works Cited Chatman, Seymour, "Existents" Story and Discourse: Narrative Structure in Fiction and Film. Ithaca: Cornell UP, 1978. 131-145. Gunesekera, Romesh. "Ranvali." Monkfish Moon. London: Granta, 1992: 89-102.

oTHELLO :: essays research papers

Othello Essay In Shakespeare’s â€Å"Othello†, the role of women is deeply emphasized; the significant characters of the play Othello, Iago, and Casio, each have a lady that stands behind him. These women each have commitment to remain faithful and respect their husband's needs, especially Desdemona and Emilia. Desdemona is the victim of this play; Shakespeare portrays her as the loyal wife even up to her death. Throughout the story, Desdemona appears to live for her husband. Desdemona's one goal in life is to please her husband. Emilia represents another aspect of female strength, less logical character, which relies on her sense of instinct. She understands her role as a wife (act 4, scene 3) Emilia is talking to Desdemona about husbands. " Yet we have some revenge. Let husbands know Their wives have sense like them. They see, and smell, and have their palates both for sweet and sour, As husbands have. What is it they do When they change us for others? Is it sport? I think it is. And doth affection breed it? I think it doth. Is't fraility that thus errs? It is so too. And have not we affections, Desires for sport, and frailty, as men have?"(page 217 line 104-113). Emilia and her husband Iago have different affiliation than Desdemona and Othello. Desdemona and Othello truly love each other, while Emilia, having no common sense of hatred towards Othello, has never actually loved Iago. She educate Desdemona, she is ignorant of Iago's evil nature and is also unsuspecting of his plot against Othello. Bianca appears to have a very insignificant role in the play, yet she as a major role in the death of Desdemona. Bianca’s relationship with Cassio, seems as though Bianca really wanted to have a relationship with him, (scene 3, act 4).

Gas Crisis in Bangladesh

Natural gas in Bangladesh From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page. This article includes a list of references, related reading or external links, but its sources remain unclear because it lacks inline citations. (April 2012) This article is written like a personal reflection or essay rather than an encyclopedic description of the subject. (April 2012) This article may need to be wikified to meet Wikipedia's quality standards. April 2012) The presence of Natural Gas in Bangladesh has been established through exploration by Bangladesh’s public energy company, Petrobangla, and more recently international oil and gas companies (IOCs) have established the existence of a significant energy source. Contents [hide] †¢1 Estimated reserves †¢2 The domestic natural gas industry †¢3 References †¢4 External links [edit]Estimated reserves In recent years, several trillion cubi c feet (TCF) of natural gas have been added to the confirmed 10. 5 TCF known as of 1996.Due to the fact that there has been comparatively little exploration to date, estimates of the total extractable natural gas resource in Bangladesh are uncertain and vary widely. An estimate of 20 TCF is gaining acceptance among experts, but some argue that experiences in comparable basins elsewhere in the world suggest that the ultimate recoverable resource could be as high as 50 TCF or even 100 TCF. At the current rate of natural gas use in Bangladesh (1000 mmcfd), the current estimated proven reserves would last 45 years.Even if the present rate of use increases at 10 per cent per year, these reserves would last about 17 years. A reserve-production Reserves-to-production ratio of 17 is higher than that for most industrial countries heavily dependent on natural gas, examples beingNorway, Canada, U. S. , and U. K. Here only the R/P ratio of gas is being considered for comparison. Relative to Ban gladesh, these industrial countries have more diverse indigenous energy sources such as coal, oil and nuclear. The U. S. still uses coal to produce more than half its electricity.There are huge resources of gas in Bangladesh. Places where gas is commercially refines include: Titas, Habiganj, Bakhrabad, Narshingdi, Meghna, Sylhet, Kailashtilla, Rashidpur, Beanibazar,Fenchuganj and Salda Nadi. In 2001, Petrobangla Director Major Raihanul Abedin initiated the national plan to decrease the use of using liquid fuels, by introducing natural gas conversion. He thought if cars could be converted to use cooking gas instead of rather harmful fuels, the carbon emission would decrease exponentially. He was given the permission by the Prime Minister Khaleda Zia to carry out his plans. 1][2] As a result, Asian Development Bank funded his scheme and today more than 80% of Bangladeshi vehicles are run on gas which has lessened pollution significantly. [3] [edit]The domestic natural gas industry Pet robangla (Bangladesh Oil, Gas and Mineral Corporation), a 100 per cent state owned corporation, has the primary responsibility for the natural gas industry in Bangladesh. Petrobangla is under the direction of the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources; it comprises several groups of companies: ? An exploration company – Bangladesh Petroleum Exploration Company ?Production companies – Bangladesh Gas Fields Company and Sylhet Gas Fields Company ? Transmission and distribution companies; ?Titas Gas Transmission and Distribution Company ?Bakhrabad Gas System ?Jalalabad Gas Transmission and Distribution System ?Western Zone Gas Supply Co. (Poschim Anchal Gas Bitaran Company, WESGAS, a new company for distribution of gas in the western part of Bangladesh) ? A compressed natural gas company – Rupantarita Prakritik Gas Company Leading Private Companies Involved in Natural Gas Industry ?Libra Enterprise (www. libraenterprise. om) ?Gasmin Limited ?Foundry Limited [edit] References 1. ^ [M. Raihanul Abedin. Use of CNG as an Alternative Fuel for Transport-Air Pollution Control Perspective (2001) p. 49-54, International Seminar on Air Pollution in Dhaka City, October 30, 2001; France Bangladesh Association of Scholars and Trainees (FBAST). 2. ^ Dhaka Clean Fuel Project: Bangladesh at Asian Development Bank 3. ^ Lisa Schroeder (March 25, 2009). â€Å"Compressed natural gas clears the air in Bangladesh: Cleaner-burning fuel is reducing dangerous levels of pollution – and saving money, too. â€Å".The Christian Science Monitor. Retrieved 2012-06-12. ?†Natural Resources of Bangladesh†. Retrieved May 17, 2012. ?†Bangladesh University of Engineering & Technology†. Retrieved May 17, 2012. ?†Natural Gas Options for Bangladesh†. Retrieved May 17, 2012. ?†Natural gas reserve estimates vary widely for Bangladesh†. Retrieved May 17, 2012. Description Bangladesh has some oil reserves near Haripur in the east ern hilly district of Sylhet, but these have yet to be developed. The Haripur reserves are estimated at 40 Mbbl, and the total resource is likely to be much higher..The search of oil and gas in the area constituting Bangladesh began in the later part of the 19th century through some isolated geological mapping. The first serious attempt to find oil and gas was undertaken in Sitakund in 1908 by the Indian Petroleum Prospecting Company. During 1923-31 Burmah Oil Company (BOC) drilled two shallow wells in Patharia. The wells were abandoned though there was a reported occurrence of oil. A total of 6 exploratory wells were drilled, the deepest being 1047 meters. There was however no discovery and the Second World War disrupted further activity.After the liberation of Bangladesh, Bangladesh Oil, Gas and Mineral Corporation (Petrobangla) was formed, while the Bangladesh Petroleum Act was enacted in 1974. The offshore area of Bangladesh was divided in to 6 blocks, which were taken up by Ash land, ARCO, BODC (Japex), Union Oil, Canadian Superior Oil and Ina Naftaplin under production sharing contract. These companies 7 offshore wells resulted in the discovery of Kutubdia offshore gas field. According to the 2008 BP Statistical Energy Survey, Bangladesh had 2007 proved natural gas reserves of 0. 39 trillion cubic metres, 0. 1% of the world total, and 2007 natural gas production of 16. 27 billion cubic metres, 0. 55% of the world total. The 1980s saw accelerated exploration activities by Petrobangla, which drilled 12 exploration wells and discovered 7 gas fields. Among these the Fenchuganj well remains the deepest drilled well in Bangladesh (4977m). Meanwhile a new milestone was achieved when Petrobangla discovered the first commercial oil pool in Sylhet on December 23, 1986. Since 1972 more than 32 exploratory wells have been drilled by the national and international companies which resulted in the discovery of 13 gas fields.Since the first exploration well was drilled i n 1908 a total of 128 wells were drilled in Bangladesh until 2001, of which 63 are exploration wells. Of the exploration wells, 13 are in the offshore resulting in two discoveries and the rest 52 are on shore with 20 discoveries. In 1993, following the formation of a new National Energy policy, the government of Bangladesh divided its territory and offshore sites into 23 blocks and opened them to foreign bidding for oil and gas exploration. Eight blocks were awarded to four companies during the First Bidding Round in 1993, and four additional blocks were awarded in the 1997 Second Bidding Round.Energy and Mineral Resources Division (EMRD) Energy is the key ingredient for socio-economic development of a country. Economic Development depends on reliable energy supply. To increase efficiency of the Ministry of Power, Energy and Mineral Resources, it was divided into two divisions, vide Cabinet Division Notification No. CD-4/1/94-Rules/23(100), dated 25 March 1998, namely Energy and Min eral Resources Division (EMRD) and Power Division. Energy and Mineral Resources Division is entrusted to formulate all policies related to natural gas, liquid petroleum and mineral resources.EMRD is also entrusted to formulate policies and administrative control over Geological Survey of Bangladesh, Petrobangla, Bureau of Mineral Development and Department of Explosives. EMRD also supervises and monitors over Hydrocarbon Unit and Bangladesh Petroleum Institute. To achieve Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and to alleviate poverty in line with vision 2021, Bangladesh has to meet increasing energy demand. In order to ensure energy security, the primary energy source of the country especially gas, coal and other mineral resources have been taken into consideration.Along with gas significant quantity of condensate is recovered. Oil was discovered in three locations but the quantity is not significant. The Division and its subordinate organizations/directorates/companies have been play ing vital role to achieve the target of Millennium Development Goals (MDG’s). To meet energy demand at desired level, initiative has been taken to increase gas supply and its optimum utilization. The demand of imported oil is also increasing. Part of it is met by condensate (by product of gas). Recent gas crisis led to the policy makers to import LNG within a short period of time.Realistic policies for development of coal fields in northern part of the country are under process for national interest. As a part of government's plan to expand gas supply network, a new distribution outlet, titled, Sundarban Gas Company Limited has been formed for the south-western region of the country. For efficient marketing of gas in Chittagong region, Karnafully Gas Company Limited has been created and it has started distribution of gas. System loss in gas distribution, a major problem, has been tackled with notable success through management and monitoring.Initiative has also been taken to build up regional energy security based on mutual co-operation with the neighboring countries under SAARC umbrella. Natural Gas In Bangladesh, natural gas is most important indigenous source of energy that accounts for 75% of the commercial energy of the country. So far in Bangladesh 23 gas fields have been discovered with the rate of success ratio is 3. 1:1 of which two of the gas fields are located in offshore area. Gas is produced from 17 gas fields (79 gas wells). Oil was tested in two of the gas fields (Sylhet and Kailashtila).To reduce the dependency on natural gas, alternative energy resource must be explored. Average daily gas production capacity is about 2000 mmcfd of which International Oil Companies (IOC) produce 1040 mmcfd and State Owned Companies (SOC) produce 960 mmcfd. The gas production recorded on 24 February, 2010 was 1996. 7 MMCFD. At present the daily approximate projected gas demand throughout the country is 2500 MMCFD. The demand is increasing day by day. Ener gy and Mineral Resources Division (EMRD) has already undertaken an array of short, medium, fast track and long term plans to increase gas production to overcome prevailing gas shortage.According to this plan 188 mmcfd, 290 mmcfd, 995 mmcfd (including 500 mmcfd LNG), 500 mmcfd and 380 mmcfd gas will be added to the national gas grid by the year 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013 and 2015 respectively. After completion of these plans production capacity is expected to increase to about 2353 mmcfd gas by December 2015. To increase the gas production more programs will be taken in near future. Petroleum Product To meet total demand of commercial energy, Bangladesh imports annually about 1. 3 million metric Tons of crude oil. In addition to this, another 2. million metric Tons (approx) of refined petroleum products per annum is imported. Condensate is mixed with crude oil. Major consumer of liquid fuel is transport sector followed by agriculture, industry and commercial sector which is mostly met by imported liquid fuel. Eastern Refinery Limited (ERL), a subsidiary company of Bangladesh Petroleum Corporation (BPC), is capable of processing 1. 3 million metric Tons of crude oil per year. Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) To reduce the dependency on imported fuel significantly, to reduce environment pollution and to save foreign currency, the use of CNG vehicles was introduced in 1997.Number of CNG refueling Station is 565 and 162 conversion workshops have already been set-up in the country. Total number of CNG converted vehicles is 150249. In addition to that 42549 CNG vehicles was imported. Total number of CNG vehicles is 192798 as of May, 2010. Average CNG usage (approx. ) is 102 MMCF per day. Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) The area where access to gas pipeline is difficult and expensive but there is a demand of gas; in this case gas in the form of LPG can be used. To reduce the dependency on imported oil and thus to save foreign currency, the use of LPG has to be popularized.Curre ntly the supply of LPG of the country is 95,500 Metric Ton of which production in Public Sector is 22,500 Metric Ton while Production in Private Sector is 73,000 Metric Ton. The Possible demand of LPG in the country is 2,00,000 M. Ton. To popularize the use of LPG the present government has reduced tax rate on some appliances such as Pressure Regulator/Valve, Safety/ Relief valve and Submerged Welding Flux including bottling of LPG. Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) To reduce the dependency on imported oil as well as indigenous gas, import of LNG is under active consideration.Under mid term plan, LNG will be imported to supply at the rate of 500 mmcfd by 2012. The site for building necessary infrastructure for LNG has been located. Bangladesh has to set up necessary infrastructure such as LNG Receiving Station, LNG Storage Tank, Re-gasification process and 90 km long pipeline from Maheshkhali to Anwara in its own effort. A MoU (Memorandum of Understanding) to be signed between Bangladesh and Qatar, which is under process. Coal Besides natural gas, Bangladesh has significant coal reserve. Coal reserves of about 3. billion tons comprising 5 deposits at depths of 118-1158 meters have been discovered so far in the north-western part of Bangladesh. The name of these deposits are-Barapukuria, Phulbari and Dighipara coal field in Dinajpur district, Khalashpir in Rangpur district and Jamalganj in Joypurhat district. Out of which 4 deposits (118-509 meters) are extractable at present. As an alternative fuel to natural gas, coal can be extensively used. The depth of Jamalganj coal deposit is 640-1158 meter with 1053 Million Tones in-situ coal reserve where production may not be viable by present day’s technology due to the depth of the deposits.Possibilities of extraction of Coal Bed Methane (CBM) need to be explored from this coal deposits. Government is actively reviewing law to be applicable for Exploration and Production of Coal Bed Methane. So far, only Barapukuri a coal field is under production. Other Mineral Resources available in Bangladesh Besides indigenous energy resources, Bangladesh has other mineral resources. Various organizations under Energy and Mineral Resources Division are engaged to explore for mineral resources. In case of commercial discovery, foreign company can apply for production license.White Clay occurs in Sherpur, Netrokona, Dinajpur and Chittagong district etc. White Clay is used to make crockery’s, sanitary materials, insulator and tiles . It is also used in Paper,cement and sugar industries. Glass sand occurs in Sherpur, Habiganj, Comilla and Dinajpur district etc. Glass sand is used to make crockery’s, lenses, glass sheet of windows and doors. It is also used to make quartz clock, frame of boat and aero plane, foam glass and in various electronic equipments etc. Silicon chips are also made from silica, which is a main ingredient of glass.Limestone occurs in Sunamgonj and Joypurhat district and St. M artin’s Islands. Limestone is used to make lime and cement and in paper, Ispat, sugar, glass industry. It is also used to decorate the building. Ilmenite,Garnet,Zircon,Kyanite,Magnetite,Rutile,Leucoxine,Monazite,etc are found in Cox’s Bazar and Teknaf Beach, Kuakata Beach , Moheshkhali, Nijhum dwip, Kutubdia and Monpura Island. Ilmenite, Rutile and Leucoxine are used to make slag and in welding and in melting of metal. They are used as a dyeing subject and Refractory Brick.Ilmenite is used to make sand blasting and heavy mud as an alternative to Barite in drilling activities. Titanium metal, which is derived from this mineral, is used to make frame of aeroplane, missile, and in chemical reaction and salt removal process. Zircon is used to make foundry sand, Refractory brick and as a dyeing substance. Zirconium is used as a radioactive substance. Monazite is used to make catalyst, television tube, refractory substance, thermal insulator substance and in computer disk an d line printer.Peat occurs in Gopalganj, Madaripur, Khulna, Sylhet and Sunamganj district etc. It is used as an alternative fuel to household work, in brick and lime industries and in thermal power plant. Hard Rock occurs at Maddyapara in Dinajpur district. It is used in regulator dam, river training, and river bank erosion. It is also used as construction material and as mosaic stone. Gravel Deposit occurs in Lalmonirhat, Panchagar, Sylhet district, Greater Chittagong and Chittagong Hill Tracts. It is used to construct buildings, road, railway, bridge and in river training and flood control.Renewable Energy Sources in Bangladesh Renewable Energy Sources may also be helpful in the achievement of the MDGs, as well as in tackling the challenges of energy security especially for developing countries and global climate changes. The renewable energy sources include biomass (combustible renewable and waste), hydropower, solar, wind, ocean, and geothermal energy. Biomass is currently the l argest renewable energy source due to its extensive noncommercial use (mainly for cooking and heating) in developing countries like Bangladesh.The share of other forms of renewable sources is minimal. Possibility of installing mini and micro level hydro-electric power plant in the hilly areas of Bangladesh would be explored. Windmills are with capacity of 2 MW in operation in the costal area of Bangladesh. Biogas Biogas may be the most promising renewable energy resource. Presently there are about 50,000 households and village-level biogas plants in place throughout the country. There is a huge potential for expansion in rural areas. Solar Energy Potential of solar energy is good in Bangladesh.But due to its higher cost of equipment it has to go a long way to become commercially viable. However, in remote areas of Bangladesh it is gradually becoming popular and government has undertaken lot of scheme to subsidize on it. Presently there are about 2, 64,000 solar panels installed thro ughout the country. Bio-diesel Bio-diesel may also be one of the promising sources of energy. Though Bangladesh is a densely populated country with 150 million people just in 147,570 Sq. Km areas, except the hilly areas, most of the areas are covered with fertile land that producing high yielding crop.Diesel from Jatropha plant may be a source of renewable energy in our country. Jatropha trees can be planted in both the sides of rail way tracks & high ways, marshy land & costal belt of the country. These Jatropha plant can also be used for coastal protection. Gasohol Gasohol is being blended with octane/petrol in many countries. Project in private sector is being undertaken to produce Gasohol from molasses used to be blended with octane/petrol. The molasses is a by-product of sugar industries. Gas Crisis in Bangladesh Natural gas in Bangladesh From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page. This article includes a list of references, related reading or external links, but its sources remain unclear because it lacks inline citations. (April 2012) This article is written like a personal reflection or essay rather than an encyclopedic description of the subject. (April 2012) This article may need to be wikified to meet Wikipedia's quality standards. April 2012) The presence of Natural Gas in Bangladesh has been established through exploration by Bangladesh’s public energy company, Petrobangla, and more recently international oil and gas companies (IOCs) have established the existence of a significant energy source. Contents [hide] †¢1 Estimated reserves †¢2 The domestic natural gas industry †¢3 References †¢4 External links [edit]Estimated reserves In recent years, several trillion cubi c feet (TCF) of natural gas have been added to the confirmed 10. 5 TCF known as of 1996.Due to the fact that there has been comparatively little exploration to date, estimates of the total extractable natural gas resource in Bangladesh are uncertain and vary widely. An estimate of 20 TCF is gaining acceptance among experts, but some argue that experiences in comparable basins elsewhere in the world suggest that the ultimate recoverable resource could be as high as 50 TCF or even 100 TCF. At the current rate of natural gas use in Bangladesh (1000 mmcfd), the current estimated proven reserves would last 45 years.Even if the present rate of use increases at 10 per cent per year, these reserves would last about 17 years. A reserve-production Reserves-to-production ratio of 17 is higher than that for most industrial countries heavily dependent on natural gas, examples beingNorway, Canada, U. S. , and U. K. Here only the R/P ratio of gas is being considered for comparison. Relative to Ban gladesh, these industrial countries have more diverse indigenous energy sources such as coal, oil and nuclear. The U. S. still uses coal to produce more than half its electricity.There are huge resources of gas in Bangladesh. Places where gas is commercially refines include: Titas, Habiganj, Bakhrabad, Narshingdi, Meghna, Sylhet, Kailashtilla, Rashidpur, Beanibazar,Fenchuganj and Salda Nadi. In 2001, Petrobangla Director Major Raihanul Abedin initiated the national plan to decrease the use of using liquid fuels, by introducing natural gas conversion. He thought if cars could be converted to use cooking gas instead of rather harmful fuels, the carbon emission would decrease exponentially. He was given the permission by the Prime Minister Khaleda Zia to carry out his plans. 1][2] As a result, Asian Development Bank funded his scheme and today more than 80% of Bangladeshi vehicles are run on gas which has lessened pollution significantly. [3] [edit]The domestic natural gas industry Pet robangla (Bangladesh Oil, Gas and Mineral Corporation), a 100 per cent state owned corporation, has the primary responsibility for the natural gas industry in Bangladesh. Petrobangla is under the direction of the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources; it comprises several groups of companies: ? An exploration company – Bangladesh Petroleum Exploration Company ?Production companies – Bangladesh Gas Fields Company and Sylhet Gas Fields Company ? Transmission and distribution companies; ?Titas Gas Transmission and Distribution Company ?Bakhrabad Gas System ?Jalalabad Gas Transmission and Distribution System ?Western Zone Gas Supply Co. (Poschim Anchal Gas Bitaran Company, WESGAS, a new company for distribution of gas in the western part of Bangladesh) ? A compressed natural gas company – Rupantarita Prakritik Gas Company Leading Private Companies Involved in Natural Gas Industry ?Libra Enterprise (www. libraenterprise. om) ?Gasmin Limited ?Foundry Limited [edit] References 1. ^ [M. Raihanul Abedin. Use of CNG as an Alternative Fuel for Transport-Air Pollution Control Perspective (2001) p. 49-54, International Seminar on Air Pollution in Dhaka City, October 30, 2001; France Bangladesh Association of Scholars and Trainees (FBAST). 2. ^ Dhaka Clean Fuel Project: Bangladesh at Asian Development Bank 3. ^ Lisa Schroeder (March 25, 2009). â€Å"Compressed natural gas clears the air in Bangladesh: Cleaner-burning fuel is reducing dangerous levels of pollution – and saving money, too. â€Å".The Christian Science Monitor. Retrieved 2012-06-12. ?†Natural Resources of Bangladesh†. Retrieved May 17, 2012. ?†Bangladesh University of Engineering & Technology†. Retrieved May 17, 2012. ?†Natural Gas Options for Bangladesh†. Retrieved May 17, 2012. ?†Natural gas reserve estimates vary widely for Bangladesh†. Retrieved May 17, 2012. Description Bangladesh has some oil reserves near Haripur in the east ern hilly district of Sylhet, but these have yet to be developed. The Haripur reserves are estimated at 40 Mbbl, and the total resource is likely to be much higher..The search of oil and gas in the area constituting Bangladesh began in the later part of the 19th century through some isolated geological mapping. The first serious attempt to find oil and gas was undertaken in Sitakund in 1908 by the Indian Petroleum Prospecting Company. During 1923-31 Burmah Oil Company (BOC) drilled two shallow wells in Patharia. The wells were abandoned though there was a reported occurrence of oil. A total of 6 exploratory wells were drilled, the deepest being 1047 meters. There was however no discovery and the Second World War disrupted further activity.After the liberation of Bangladesh, Bangladesh Oil, Gas and Mineral Corporation (Petrobangla) was formed, while the Bangladesh Petroleum Act was enacted in 1974. The offshore area of Bangladesh was divided in to 6 blocks, which were taken up by Ash land, ARCO, BODC (Japex), Union Oil, Canadian Superior Oil and Ina Naftaplin under production sharing contract. These companies 7 offshore wells resulted in the discovery of Kutubdia offshore gas field. According to the 2008 BP Statistical Energy Survey, Bangladesh had 2007 proved natural gas reserves of 0. 39 trillion cubic metres, 0. 1% of the world total, and 2007 natural gas production of 16. 27 billion cubic metres, 0. 55% of the world total. The 1980s saw accelerated exploration activities by Petrobangla, which drilled 12 exploration wells and discovered 7 gas fields. Among these the Fenchuganj well remains the deepest drilled well in Bangladesh (4977m). Meanwhile a new milestone was achieved when Petrobangla discovered the first commercial oil pool in Sylhet on December 23, 1986. Since 1972 more than 32 exploratory wells have been drilled by the national and international companies which resulted in the discovery of 13 gas fields.Since the first exploration well was drilled i n 1908 a total of 128 wells were drilled in Bangladesh until 2001, of which 63 are exploration wells. Of the exploration wells, 13 are in the offshore resulting in two discoveries and the rest 52 are on shore with 20 discoveries. In 1993, following the formation of a new National Energy policy, the government of Bangladesh divided its territory and offshore sites into 23 blocks and opened them to foreign bidding for oil and gas exploration. Eight blocks were awarded to four companies during the First Bidding Round in 1993, and four additional blocks were awarded in the 1997 Second Bidding Round.Energy and Mineral Resources Division (EMRD) Energy is the key ingredient for socio-economic development of a country. Economic Development depends on reliable energy supply. To increase efficiency of the Ministry of Power, Energy and Mineral Resources, it was divided into two divisions, vide Cabinet Division Notification No. CD-4/1/94-Rules/23(100), dated 25 March 1998, namely Energy and Min eral Resources Division (EMRD) and Power Division. Energy and Mineral Resources Division is entrusted to formulate all policies related to natural gas, liquid petroleum and mineral resources.EMRD is also entrusted to formulate policies and administrative control over Geological Survey of Bangladesh, Petrobangla, Bureau of Mineral Development and Department of Explosives. EMRD also supervises and monitors over Hydrocarbon Unit and Bangladesh Petroleum Institute. To achieve Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and to alleviate poverty in line with vision 2021, Bangladesh has to meet increasing energy demand. In order to ensure energy security, the primary energy source of the country especially gas, coal and other mineral resources have been taken into consideration.Along with gas significant quantity of condensate is recovered. Oil was discovered in three locations but the quantity is not significant. The Division and its subordinate organizations/directorates/companies have been play ing vital role to achieve the target of Millennium Development Goals (MDG’s). To meet energy demand at desired level, initiative has been taken to increase gas supply and its optimum utilization. The demand of imported oil is also increasing. Part of it is met by condensate (by product of gas). Recent gas crisis led to the policy makers to import LNG within a short period of time.Realistic policies for development of coal fields in northern part of the country are under process for national interest. As a part of government's plan to expand gas supply network, a new distribution outlet, titled, Sundarban Gas Company Limited has been formed for the south-western region of the country. For efficient marketing of gas in Chittagong region, Karnafully Gas Company Limited has been created and it has started distribution of gas. System loss in gas distribution, a major problem, has been tackled with notable success through management and monitoring.Initiative has also been taken to build up regional energy security based on mutual co-operation with the neighboring countries under SAARC umbrella. Natural Gas In Bangladesh, natural gas is most important indigenous source of energy that accounts for 75% of the commercial energy of the country. So far in Bangladesh 23 gas fields have been discovered with the rate of success ratio is 3. 1:1 of which two of the gas fields are located in offshore area. Gas is produced from 17 gas fields (79 gas wells). Oil was tested in two of the gas fields (Sylhet and Kailashtila).To reduce the dependency on natural gas, alternative energy resource must be explored. Average daily gas production capacity is about 2000 mmcfd of which International Oil Companies (IOC) produce 1040 mmcfd and State Owned Companies (SOC) produce 960 mmcfd. The gas production recorded on 24 February, 2010 was 1996. 7 MMCFD. At present the daily approximate projected gas demand throughout the country is 2500 MMCFD. The demand is increasing day by day. Ener gy and Mineral Resources Division (EMRD) has already undertaken an array of short, medium, fast track and long term plans to increase gas production to overcome prevailing gas shortage.According to this plan 188 mmcfd, 290 mmcfd, 995 mmcfd (including 500 mmcfd LNG), 500 mmcfd and 380 mmcfd gas will be added to the national gas grid by the year 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013 and 2015 respectively. After completion of these plans production capacity is expected to increase to about 2353 mmcfd gas by December 2015. To increase the gas production more programs will be taken in near future. Petroleum Product To meet total demand of commercial energy, Bangladesh imports annually about 1. 3 million metric Tons of crude oil. In addition to this, another 2. million metric Tons (approx) of refined petroleum products per annum is imported. Condensate is mixed with crude oil. Major consumer of liquid fuel is transport sector followed by agriculture, industry and commercial sector which is mostly met by imported liquid fuel. Eastern Refinery Limited (ERL), a subsidiary company of Bangladesh Petroleum Corporation (BPC), is capable of processing 1. 3 million metric Tons of crude oil per year. Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) To reduce the dependency on imported fuel significantly, to reduce environment pollution and to save foreign currency, the use of CNG vehicles was introduced in 1997.Number of CNG refueling Station is 565 and 162 conversion workshops have already been set-up in the country. Total number of CNG converted vehicles is 150249. In addition to that 42549 CNG vehicles was imported. Total number of CNG vehicles is 192798 as of May, 2010. Average CNG usage (approx. ) is 102 MMCF per day. Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) The area where access to gas pipeline is difficult and expensive but there is a demand of gas; in this case gas in the form of LPG can be used. To reduce the dependency on imported oil and thus to save foreign currency, the use of LPG has to be popularized.Curre ntly the supply of LPG of the country is 95,500 Metric Ton of which production in Public Sector is 22,500 Metric Ton while Production in Private Sector is 73,000 Metric Ton. The Possible demand of LPG in the country is 2,00,000 M. Ton. To popularize the use of LPG the present government has reduced tax rate on some appliances such as Pressure Regulator/Valve, Safety/ Relief valve and Submerged Welding Flux including bottling of LPG. Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) To reduce the dependency on imported oil as well as indigenous gas, import of LNG is under active consideration.Under mid term plan, LNG will be imported to supply at the rate of 500 mmcfd by 2012. The site for building necessary infrastructure for LNG has been located. Bangladesh has to set up necessary infrastructure such as LNG Receiving Station, LNG Storage Tank, Re-gasification process and 90 km long pipeline from Maheshkhali to Anwara in its own effort. A MoU (Memorandum of Understanding) to be signed between Bangladesh and Qatar, which is under process. Coal Besides natural gas, Bangladesh has significant coal reserve. Coal reserves of about 3. billion tons comprising 5 deposits at depths of 118-1158 meters have been discovered so far in the north-western part of Bangladesh. The name of these deposits are-Barapukuria, Phulbari and Dighipara coal field in Dinajpur district, Khalashpir in Rangpur district and Jamalganj in Joypurhat district. Out of which 4 deposits (118-509 meters) are extractable at present. As an alternative fuel to natural gas, coal can be extensively used. The depth of Jamalganj coal deposit is 640-1158 meter with 1053 Million Tones in-situ coal reserve where production may not be viable by present day’s technology due to the depth of the deposits.Possibilities of extraction of Coal Bed Methane (CBM) need to be explored from this coal deposits. Government is actively reviewing law to be applicable for Exploration and Production of Coal Bed Methane. So far, only Barapukuri a coal field is under production. Other Mineral Resources available in Bangladesh Besides indigenous energy resources, Bangladesh has other mineral resources. Various organizations under Energy and Mineral Resources Division are engaged to explore for mineral resources. In case of commercial discovery, foreign company can apply for production license.White Clay occurs in Sherpur, Netrokona, Dinajpur and Chittagong district etc. White Clay is used to make crockery’s, sanitary materials, insulator and tiles . It is also used in Paper,cement and sugar industries. Glass sand occurs in Sherpur, Habiganj, Comilla and Dinajpur district etc. Glass sand is used to make crockery’s, lenses, glass sheet of windows and doors. It is also used to make quartz clock, frame of boat and aero plane, foam glass and in various electronic equipments etc. Silicon chips are also made from silica, which is a main ingredient of glass.Limestone occurs in Sunamgonj and Joypurhat district and St. M artin’s Islands. Limestone is used to make lime and cement and in paper, Ispat, sugar, glass industry. It is also used to decorate the building. Ilmenite,Garnet,Zircon,Kyanite,Magnetite,Rutile,Leucoxine,Monazite,etc are found in Cox’s Bazar and Teknaf Beach, Kuakata Beach , Moheshkhali, Nijhum dwip, Kutubdia and Monpura Island. Ilmenite, Rutile and Leucoxine are used to make slag and in welding and in melting of metal. They are used as a dyeing subject and Refractory Brick.Ilmenite is used to make sand blasting and heavy mud as an alternative to Barite in drilling activities. Titanium metal, which is derived from this mineral, is used to make frame of aeroplane, missile, and in chemical reaction and salt removal process. Zircon is used to make foundry sand, Refractory brick and as a dyeing substance. Zirconium is used as a radioactive substance. Monazite is used to make catalyst, television tube, refractory substance, thermal insulator substance and in computer disk an d line printer.Peat occurs in Gopalganj, Madaripur, Khulna, Sylhet and Sunamganj district etc. It is used as an alternative fuel to household work, in brick and lime industries and in thermal power plant. Hard Rock occurs at Maddyapara in Dinajpur district. It is used in regulator dam, river training, and river bank erosion. It is also used as construction material and as mosaic stone. Gravel Deposit occurs in Lalmonirhat, Panchagar, Sylhet district, Greater Chittagong and Chittagong Hill Tracts. It is used to construct buildings, road, railway, bridge and in river training and flood control.Renewable Energy Sources in Bangladesh Renewable Energy Sources may also be helpful in the achievement of the MDGs, as well as in tackling the challenges of energy security especially for developing countries and global climate changes. The renewable energy sources include biomass (combustible renewable and waste), hydropower, solar, wind, ocean, and geothermal energy. Biomass is currently the l argest renewable energy source due to its extensive noncommercial use (mainly for cooking and heating) in developing countries like Bangladesh.The share of other forms of renewable sources is minimal. Possibility of installing mini and micro level hydro-electric power plant in the hilly areas of Bangladesh would be explored. Windmills are with capacity of 2 MW in operation in the costal area of Bangladesh. Biogas Biogas may be the most promising renewable energy resource. Presently there are about 50,000 households and village-level biogas plants in place throughout the country. There is a huge potential for expansion in rural areas. Solar Energy Potential of solar energy is good in Bangladesh.But due to its higher cost of equipment it has to go a long way to become commercially viable. However, in remote areas of Bangladesh it is gradually becoming popular and government has undertaken lot of scheme to subsidize on it. Presently there are about 2, 64,000 solar panels installed thro ughout the country. Bio-diesel Bio-diesel may also be one of the promising sources of energy. Though Bangladesh is a densely populated country with 150 million people just in 147,570 Sq. Km areas, except the hilly areas, most of the areas are covered with fertile land that producing high yielding crop.Diesel from Jatropha plant may be a source of renewable energy in our country. Jatropha trees can be planted in both the sides of rail way tracks & high ways, marshy land & costal belt of the country. These Jatropha plant can also be used for coastal protection. Gasohol Gasohol is being blended with octane/petrol in many countries. Project in private sector is being undertaken to produce Gasohol from molasses used to be blended with octane/petrol. The molasses is a by-product of sugar industries.

Electronic Media Essay

electronic media argon that go for electronics or electromechanical energy for the finish up user (audience) to access the content. This is in wrinkle to static media (mainly marque media), which atomic number 18 close often created electronic tout ensembley, nevertheless dont require electronics to be accessed by the finish up user in the stained row. The primary electronic media sources familiar to the general populace be better known as television system recordings, audio recordings, multimedia presentations, slide presentations, comp diddle disc read- except memory and Online Content. Most new media ar in the take form of digital media. However, electronic media may be in either latitude or digital format. Devices such as televisions, computers and cd-roms that make culture available to flock. greatnessIn October 2003, the British humanitarian ecesis Christian Aid released a herald that $4 billion in Iraki funds, which had been earmarked for reconstructi on of the country, had disappe bed. The Coalition Provision empowerment (CPA), the U.S. acheled body that ruled Iraq at the time, was relegated with treatment that m atomic number 53y. An exami land of financial records between June 2003 and October 2004 showed myopic bookkeeping and investigators nominate indicators of potential fraud, the extend said At the time, the CPA smartly denied the accusations. By June 2004, the amount of money by foregone missing had much(prenominal) than doubled from foursome to al nearly nine billion dollars.This accounting was reported with minimal c everyw presentage when the proclamation was first released. As the investigation progressed, the tier of the missing billions was reported several measure during the summer months of 2004 and again in January 2005. However, it was never given prominence in either tidings medium. The writers at Faithful modern called it the biggest and single most under-reported story of the move year.N ews Media and DemocracyIn a democracy an informed prevalent is of critical importance. In matters regarding the self-interests of the citizenry and of the nation as a whole, knowledge is delineate in devising decisions regarding participation in the process of democracy. Indeed, failing to report grave intelligence schooling, or reporting news shallowly, inaccu grazely, or unfairly evict leave plenty dangerouslyuninformed.The mass media of forthwith has tremendous power within hostel. What and how development is distributed can have indelible consequences for individuals and society as a whole. As such, control of media outlets is regarded as a valued form of property for those seeking semipolitical or economic power. Among new(prenominal) sources of power, it is primary(prenominal) to note that mass media has the ability to tempt and directattention to problems, solutions, or heap that can upgrade those with power it can confer location and confirm legitimacy it can be a channel for persuasion and militarisation (Graber, 33). This represents an incredible amount of power, and everyplace the past twenty years or so, population have taken control over these outlets for the sole purpose of attaining both political and economic power.InternationalIn the united States, in that location be three twenty-four hour news networks. President bloom Clinton stated it well in a response to the question of the condition of like a shots media. He stated, The amour I worry about most is that people ordain have all the schooling in the world but wint have every centering of evaluating itThats what I consider to be the most significant challenge presented to all of you by the explosion of media outlets in the knowledge Age.COMPARISON WITH PRINT MEDIAIlliteracy accord to United Nations report Pakistan has 55% literacy rate. This makes it hundred-and-sixtieth country in world. Because of low literacy rate people cannot read the printed news. This gives an edge to electronic media over print media.Media of futureElectronic Media has a clear edge over print media even if new media (for eg. The Internet) is not included in it. Print media is more of a habit with people and soundless caters to a sizeable universe of discourse. exclusively electronic media offers a lot of choice to the people, particularly to the young (GEN Y), the largest growing segment of our population and more importantly, has theability to maintain the ill-treat at which the preferences and demands of the Gen Y changes. The shrinking readership of the print publications perhaps is testimony to the changing media employment pattern of the people at once.Although we dont see an immediate threat to the print media, more so because it is a centuries sexagenarian media, yet we believe it definitely is not the media of the future. Moreover, electronic media is visually more challenge and more trenchant in not only conveying a essence but by virtue of b eingness a frequency medium, is also effective in registering it, thus ensuring high brand recall amongst viewers & potential customers. For the advertisers and denote agencies, it provides exciting opportunities to experiment with new and advanced ideas which reduces the medias dependence on traditional sourceWhich is best?It depends on which field you atomic number 18 in. In rural areas, where there is no technology, print is better, but for the urban areas, electronic media are the best. Print media was supposed(p) to have died 10 years ago, but that has not happened. In experimental conditions of mobility and woo print media is better than electronic media. But in terms of speed, insurance coverage and reliability, electronic media are the best. Newspaper is no long-term essential, while attending the usual dayspring business, in the toilet. Laptop is the in thing one can browse as umteen e-papers as desired.IDENTIFICATION OF THE puzzleNew technology has umpteen friendly and educational benefits but caregivers and educators have convey concern about the dangers young people can be exposed to finished these technologies. To respond to this concern, some states and inculcate districts have, for example, completed policies about the use of cell phones on school grounds and developed policies to closure access to certain web locates on school computers. umteen teachers and caregivers have taken accomplish individually by spot-checking websites used by young people, such as FACEBOOK, YOUTUBE.This abbreviated focuses on the phenomena of electronic aggression any kind of aggression perpetrated through technologyany type of harassment or bullying (teasing,telling lies, making fun of someone, making rude or mean comments, bed cover rumors, or making threatening or aggressive comments) that occurs through email, a bawl out room,instant messaging, a website (including blogs), or schoolbook messaging.Youth is easily wanderd, because it is qu ick to hope. AristotleThe offspring is getting the wrong path by the use of this E-Media. Our main aim is to protect our young from the dangerous effects of E-Media. In E-media we will target specifically the TV media which is accessible by the whole family in particular the youth. Further in youth TV is mostly watched by the women of the family. These effects are either caused intentionally or by the negligence of E-media personals. Intentional effects are either for the promotion of their channel.The E-Media personals are displaying the unethical dramas, either the stories are distracting the youth or the scenes of the drama are disturbing and unethical. They upraise the female and male parityships which are considered unethical in our society. Most of the dramas and soaps are base on love stories and relations of marry women with young guys.Some TV shows are provoking aggressiveness in our youth. We will indicate a program of ARY MUSIK named spirit ON THE EDGE. This pro gram consists of unethical, immoral and non Muslim dares given to the youth of Pakistan. That is done to conjure up aggressiveness and to father our youth to the train of the unethical youths of Hesperian countries. He is severe to copy the programs like FEAR FACTOR, RHOADIES etcetera Similarly the E-Media personals are provoking nudity. either that nudity is in full form or half nudity. We use the term half nudity for the scenes in which women or men are wearing inislamic clothes. article of clothing sleeveless, wearing Capri, uncovered hair, uncovered belly etc is completely inislamic.Hereby we will mention some channels that have bought the permits of western movie channels and are masking scenes containing kisses and some other unethical scenes. carry are ARY DIGITAL who has recently bought license of HBO. Plus there are our crinkle operators who are showing unethical channels at midnight and at day time. have scenes also provoke the drug colony in youth. Previousl y the ads of cigarettes were banned in influence to decrease the percentage of people converting to addiction. But now these smoking scenes are consistently being shown in many dramas and shows. When a youngster watcheshis favorite operator smoking in a TV drama and performing stunts or having very much of girlfriends because of that cigarette then that youngster follows him. alike is the case with scenes containing alcohol and beer.Violent footages are also disturbing for the youth. We see many Indian movies which are showing scenes of fights which are followed by the youngsters. Same is happening here these days all the boys are found to be fighting with each other. They count they are living in their paragon movie and they are the heroes. Wrestling and cartoons are watched by the children and they try to implement that in their real life often disconfirming either themselves or some other member of family.SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROBLEM forrader examining the state of the news media in todays society, it is important to define what cracking reporting of news should be. Doris A. Graber, in her book Media Power in Politics, thinks it important to trace between news and truth. The function of news is to signalize an event. The function of truth is to bring to light the hidden facts, to set them into relation with each other, and make a picture of reality upon which men can act (Graber, 41).News dissemination, whether through radio broadcast, composition articles, or a web site posting, should perform both functions in order to truly inform. Good news can affect society in domineering ways. Determined, sweepingcoverage of important topics can improve local anesthetic communities, rid government of improper public officials, save lives, and so many other things. Reporting events and uncovering truths is critical for the news media to perform its function.Media is the pillar of a society. tv set is a vital source from which most people receive information . News and media delegates on television have abused their powers over society through the airing of charitable news shows that misinform the public. Through literary research and experimentation, it has been proven that peoples perception of reality has been altered by the information they receive from such programs. Manipulation, misinterpretation, denomination arrangement, picture placement and timing are allfactors and tricks that play a major(ip) role in the case. Research, experimentation, and existent media coverage has pinpointed actual methods used for deceptive advertising. boob tube influences society in many ways. wad are easily swayed to accept a belief that they may not commonly have unless expressed on television, since many people think that everything they hear on television is true. This, however, is not always the case. It has been observed that over the past twenty to cardinal years, normal social behavior, even actual life roles of men and women and media , regulatory policies have all been altered. Media has changed with time, along with quality and respectability. Many people receive and accept sham information that is merely used as an attention grabber that better the shows ratings and popularity. This involves sensationalizing a story to make it more interesting, therefore increasing the interest of the audience. throng often know that these shows aim to deceive them, but still accept the information as truth. The E-media has severely damaged our youth and provided them with altered and incorrect information. Thus one whole youth of Pakistan is having incorrect information and has inaccurate knowledge which not only is damage for them but for the whole generations which are to come. Following quotes represent the significance of youth Youth is the trustee of prosperity.

Nike Supply Chain Essay

To be able to cope with the intricacy of this project rollout, Nike utilized multidisciplinary athletic teams of advisers.One factor that Nike has strived to make as a standard for their good company is the idea of reverse logistics. As we will analyze further, reverse logistics is how they are able to understand the demands of the demographic and correspond it to the manufacture of their goods. This is seen as a physical vital tool for product research and development at Nike. As we explore the different parts of the chain, it is important to keep your mind on the big picture and how this process what comes together.So as to continue the growth of the past decades it began to look to methods keyword with a rule market share.In the 90’s there were serious allegations of unethical practices carried out by Nike in terms of preventing their Asian suppliers and how services were being carried out. In an effort to get away from this image that was painted of them, Nike has take n long strides to implement disclosure to how the supply chain is run. Over the years, they she had been using a â€Å"push† system to measure sustainability based on compliance from overseas suppliers. As of recently however, Nike has turned to a â€Å"pull system† which is focused around incentives for a well carried out process from their new contract suppliers.

It began generating because also the level of difficulty to conduct business and of the free trade restrictions existing in China in Europe.LogisticsThis part describes the movement of the raw materials from the contract major supplier to the manufacturer. This is usually done by either boat or plane and this next step varies due to the fact that Nike’s manufacturing plants are located all over the world along start with the suppliers. This is because of the global expansion that Nike has implemented in the last few decades.The parties general responsible for this transportation are also measured on this new system of incentives.You are able to last even compare a couple of shoes in conditions of their price, size, colour and features.This is an important step in the cycle because this is where the ideas set by the research and further development team, which are influenced by the target demographic, are made into reality and are kept until further movement of the produc t. Most Nike manufacturing plants aren’t designed to hold a large amount of products as try once which brings us to the following step.Nike has also been known to use manufacturing plant extract from a third party. Because of the fact that Nike is still responsible for these processes carried out by these manufacturers, they keep a close watch on the quality of the products produced.

Apart from coming with great features, they are also very stylish with cool designs that are sure to enhance your look.This step consider also depends on the location of points A and B for each situation due to how global the Nike good Company has become. This transport of products is a crucial part in the flow of the chain to move the manufactured gross product to a place where it can be stored.Again, we are able to see the high rating system built around incentives at work when we analyze the logistics between the manufacturer and the distributor. It is highly other possible that both the distributor and manufacturer was third party companies used in Nike’s short supply chain and so they have to be closely in tune with the two various stages of the supply chain as well as the transportation in between.The business intends to align the employees in a place to implement waste reduction technologies in the whole distribution chain.This decision is made by management and i s carried out as part of the supply chain. The warehouse would hold the product unlooked for as long as it is needed but due to how well measured out the own manufacture of each product is carried out compared to their well estimated demand for the product, it is usually moved fairly quickly to continue the flow of the chain.Distribution is important because the final product needs to be stored before is sent to vendors. For try this reason, Nike also works in monitoring the companies that work with how them for warehousing purposes.

Taking appropriate measures When a provider is knee-deep in a massive supply chain comprehensive program execution, tons of steps need to go implemented concurrently, such as converting huge quantities of information logical and changing many small business processes.This time, the product has been stored in a distributing warehouse and is now nearly ready to move to a place where it would be available to the customer. Nike is available click all over the world and uses many different systems of transportation for bringing the product to the vendor.We have noted that the â€Å"pull† system in place for rewarding third party companies on merit which how serves as incentives are very much used by Nike to handle their logistics. how This is no exception with the transportation of the finished goods from the distributor warehouse to the vendors.Additionally, it generates a first great deal of revenue.Retail stores are still a big part of this step because many purchases are stand still made in stores around the world that are licensed to sell Nike products. Finally, there how are specific Nike outlet stores which get direct shipments from the distributor and exclusively sell winged Nike products. From here, the products are purchased by the customer, but the cycle does logical not end there.8.

It had.Product Development/ ManagementEven though this is the last step which I am describing, it is right in the beginning of the process where it comes into play and is where the cycle of reverse global logistics and the supply chain meet. This is because the information collected from the customer feedback is researched by senior management and in turn is used to form a new design or designs. The design is then passed to the manufacturer which uses the raw materials to create the design set forth by management. This way, the cycle is continuous and efficient.Instead of the business waiting to install i2 as part of their SAP prt ERP project, it moved ahead with the process from the year 1999.By utilizing a single thread to basically make the most entire shoe. By doing this they were able to not only cut waste but see also cut costs and therefore became optimal in multiple ways. Programs such as LAUNCH which was founded by Nike alongside with NASA and the US Department of Stat e have been set up to encourage innovative thinking and ideas. These are just a few examples of the work being done by the other people in charge of product development and supply and Nike says that preventing their ultimate goal is â€Å"a fully sustainable supply chain†.

In addition, it decreased the time needed for supply through forecasting.Sustainable Business first Performance Summary. Available at http://www.nikeresponsibility.com/report/files/report/NIKE_SUSTAINABLE_BUSINESS_REPORT__ FY10-11_FINAL.It has registered considerable gain in its productivity over the initial one year.2013. good Governance and Sustainability at Nike. Harvard Business School Teaching Case.Porteous, A.

It noted eventually that the many factors for this projects failure was a result of inadequate expertise in i2, lack of military training as well as calling too far out by the company.L., Rammohan, S., V. 2012..edu/scforum/sisscrSchifrin, D., Carroll, G., Brady, D. 2013.

Noun and Ans

GRAMMAR fields A or an Sentences victimization Yes, it is/No, it isnt Sentences employ Yes, they ar/No, they atomic number 18nt strange plural form punctuation My preferent(a) yield (Essay) This is, on that point is/These be, at that place atomic number 18 My mammary gland (Essay) Noun n ingest Nouns Verb Sentences employ advise/ kittyt My c argonss (Essay) speech/ pivotals virile/ powder-puff knowledge building block 0 field of study 1 A or an description perform (in copy) Q1 meet in the blanks with a or an? 1. Its a matte. 2. This is an umbrella. 3. Its a book. 4. Its an orangish. 5. This is a fish. 6. Its a tree. 7. Its a cup. . This is an orchis. 9. This is a pencil. 10. Its an biting lo apply. emergence 2 Introducing Myself 1. My c entirely in is _____________. 2. I am ___________ eld old. 3. I give c be to _________________. 4. I racyly with my _____________. 5. on that point be __________ spate in my family. 6. I balanc eure in _________. issuance 3 Sentences development Yes, it is/No, it isnt 1. Is it a mat? *. Yes, it is. 2. Is it an orange? * No, it isnt. 3. Is it an apple? * Yes, it is. 4. Is it a tail end? *. No, it isnt. 5. Is it an egg? * Yes, it is. 6. Is it a bl atomic number 18? *. No, it isnt. point 4 anomalous / plural form commentary remaining plural pat Cats palpebra Hats pencil Pencils phonograph recording Books room access Doors addict testicle banana tree Bananas blackleg Rats maneuver Trees deviseie Biscuits root word 5 punctuation mark exposition grammatical case 1. Monkeys pull round in the trees. 2. I am a boy. 3. quest after is an animal. work up (in copy) Q1 pulmonary tuberculosis jacket crown letter letter and ripe stop. 1. on that point ar both apples *. in that respect ar devil apples. 2. set up is down in the m appearh *. set up is blue. 3. deargonst is reinvigorated *. dear is sweet. 4. ali has a pencil *. A li has a pencil. 5. he was innate(p) in karachi *. He was natural in Karachi. race send awayvas tent punctuation label rewrite these sentences employ detonator letters, abundpismire stop. 1. i deal to work through veget qualifieds __________________________________________________________________________ 2. this increase be farseeings to ali _________________________________________________________________________ 3. i same to rouge and render books __________________________________________________________________________ 4. he is consume __________________________________________________________________________ 5. genus genus Rana has a brisk rhythm __________________________________________________________________________ 6. i give go to aim tomorrow __________________________________________________________________________ take form mainsheet punctuation mark tag edict these sentences u ripple big(p) letters, broad stop. 1. i analogous to w be vegetabl es I interchangeable to arc down vegetables. 2. this kite be hankers to ali This kite belongs to Ali. 3. resembling to keyst wholeness and instruct books I wish to paint and analyse books. 4. he is sport He is saping. 5. genus Rana has a modernistic cycle per second Rana has a newborn bicycle. 6. i volition go to sh in wholly told(a)ow tomorrow I depart go to incul spuee tomorrow. offspring 6 MY prefer inflammation takings (ESSAY) 1. My favorite produce is apple. 2. It is red in colour. 3. It has legion(predicate) seeds. 4. Its penchpismire is sweet. 5. I comparable it genuinely much. intelligence pronounce rush and do the employ? A weensy faerie formerly on that point was a short(p) faerie c each(prenominal)ed Cindy. She do itd in a midget domicile in the forest. She had quartette pleas emmet squirrels take a leakd Munch, Crunch, puncher and Bunch. They both had big, glimmery intent and long tails. They jockey to sweep away nuts. atomic number 53 mean solar solar solar sidereal mean solar day they go away hand the nutshells entirely all over the dramatics and Cindy got precise angry. She unflinching to avenge them by non toler emmet them sustenance for a day. They learnt their lesson and did non down up the menage again. solvent the hobby oral sex? Q1 Who was Cindy? autonomic nervous system __________________________________________________________________________ Q2 Where did she bear? autonomic nervous system __________________________________________________________________________ Q3 How galore(postnominal) another(prenominal) squirrels were on that point? autonomic nervous system __________________________________________________________________________ Q4 What did the squirrels do champion day? autonomic nervous system __________________________________________________________________________ Q5 How did Cindy avenge them?autonomic nervous system ____________________________ ______________________________________________ cognizance let on infer handing over and do the doing? A myopic coffin nail at once in that respect was a smallish queen called Cindy. She equald in a infinitesimal raise in the forest. She had 4 lovely squirrels traced Munch, Crunch, cowman and Bunch. They all had big, bright eye and long tails. They love to eat nuts. One day they odd the nutshells all over the domicile and Cindy got truly angry. She contumacious to avenge them by not bounteous them viands for a day. They learnt their lesson and did not volume up the mansion again. practise the side by side(p) interrogative? Q1 Who was Cindy? autonomic nervous system Cindy was a minuscule fairy. Q2 Where did she live? autonomic nervous system She lived in a pocket-size family line in the forest.Q3 How m some(prenominal) squirrels were in that location? autonomic nervous system in that location were quadruple squirrels. Q4 What did the squirrels do hot shot day? autonomic nervous system They left the nutshells all over the house. Q5 How did Cindy penalize them? autonomic nervous system She obdurate to punish them by not grown them solid aliment for a day. subject 7 This is, in that respect is These be, on that point be exposition Sentences on This is 1. This is a book. 2. This is a clock. 3. This is a pencil. 4. This is an orange. 5. This is an egg. Sentences on in that location is 1. on that point is a glass. 2. at that place is an umbrella. 3. on that point is an aeroplane. 4. in that location is a ruler. 5. at that place is a leaf. Sentences These be 1. These ar apple. 2. These ar cats. 3. These be buttons. 4. These ar doors. 5.These be pins. Sentences on on that point be 1. at that place ar twain cups. 2. in that respect ar trine balls. 3. on that point be or so kites. 4. thither ar quartet fishes. 5. in that location atomic number 18 basketball team tins. root 8 MY mammary gland(Ess ay) 1. My mummys name is ________________________. 2. She is ________ division old. 3. She is precise beautiful. 4. She cooks victuals genuinely tasty. 5. She takes carry on of me. 6. I love my mom precise much. paper 9 Noun description exemplar Sara, Table, Cat, Karachi. Q1 underscore the abstract? 1. I have a pencil. 2. Sara is see a book. 3. The biddy has a pen. 4. fish lives in water. 5. He went to Islamabad. 6. Ali and turkey cock be friends. 7. This detain is big. 8. I akin to eat pizza pie. point forbidden Pencil, Sara, book, hen, pen, fish, Islamabad, Ali tomcat, jug, pizza argon nouns) * yield 10 right-hand(a) NOUNS definition suit 1. Tom and Jerry. 2. Monday. 3. July 4. Summer. 5. Lahore. make for Q1 solidification the straitlaced nouns? School, bag,Lahore, cake, Monday, van, pen, Donald fudge, ruler, Winter, shoes, March, book, America, bell, cup, Edison. green patronise off (Lahore, Monday, Donald Duck, Winter, March, America, Edison ar congruous nouns) issue 11 VERB translation practice 1. Eating. 2. Drinking. 3. Sleeping. 4. tapeing. 5. Playing. Q1 accent the verbs? 1. She is consume a cake. 2. They are acquittance in a garden. 3. We are practice books. 4. You are laughing. 5. He is performing football game. 6. Ali is crying. keep eating, going, reading, laughing, biding, crying, are Verb) case 12 SENTENCES victimisation contribute/ fuckingT definition warning 1. I thr unmatchable sleep. 2. I grass play. 3. I rottert move. 1. empennage a cat run? *. Yes, it give the sack. 2. atomic number 50 a bee swim? *. No, it brush offt. 3. burn down you play football? *. Yes, I can. 4. smoke you interchange? *. Yes, I can. 5. squirt you cook nutriment? *. No, I cant. consequence 13 Animals Sounds Cat. mew. quest after bark. hen cluck. terrify moo. goat complain Duck quack. skirt chaser howl. gymnastic horse neigh. domestic ass bray. snake hiss. division 14 uttering to / Opposites quarrel Opposite On take away In divulge Up beat start out Go disconsolate face cloth razz expect modify ladened h one and only(a)st-to-god spic-and-span punishing flabby tight far motif 15 manful / powder-puff manful maidenly He She boy misfire preceptor stupefy blood brother infpismire news lady friend manhood cleaning lady tycoon tycoon pig bed frighten Sir brothel keeper sawbuck female horse Topic 16 scholarship admit enactment and do the achievement? THE telling groundball erstwhile upon a time, on that point were cardinal friends. They lived in the jingle. They were the pismire the hopper. The pismire was awkward operative sucking louse. allday, it would go out to consider for fodder. It would than represent the nourishment hold up to its nest. The hop-picker was a wasted sucking louse. It did not analogous to do whatever work. Instead, it lived to interpret all long . attend to the hobby questions Q1 Where did the twain friends live? autonomic nervous system ________________________________________________________________________ Q2 Who were the deuce friends? autonomic nervous system ________________________________________________________________________Q3 What genial of an insect was the emmet? autonomic nervous system ________________________________________________________________________ Q4 Where did the pismire spiel subscribe its solid food? autonomic nervous system ________________________________________________________________________ Q5 What variety show of insect was the hopper? autonomic nervous system ________________________________________________________________________ Q6 What did the hop-picker do all the day? autonomic nervous system ________________________________________________________________________ learning discover Read release and do the run? THE telling ground ball at one time upon a time, there were dickens friends. They lived in the jingle. They were the ant the grounder.The ant was to a great extent running(a) insect. Everyday, it would go out to look for food. It would than roleplay the food covering fire to its nest. The hopper was a indolent insect. It did not same to do any work. Instead, it lived to let the cat out of the bag all long. dish up the sideline questions Q1 Where did the twain friends live? autonomic nervous system dickens friends lived in the jungle. Q2 Who were the 2 friends? autonomic nervous system They were the ant and the grounder. Q3 What mixed bag of an insect was the ant? autonomic nervous system The ant was hard-fought working. Q4 Where did the ant subscribe back its food? autonomic nervous system The ant brought back its food to its nest. Q5 What benign of insect was the grasshopper? autonomic nervous system The grasshopper was a futile insect.Q6 What did the grasshopper do all the day? autonomic nervous system It love to si ng all long. A is utilise out front consonant. An is apply sooner vowels. Vowels a, e, i , o u eccentric government agency one thing. plural form heart and soul much(prenominal) than one thing. Every sentences should dismay with a capital latter(prenominal) and end with a skilful stop. This is and there is, are apply with one thing. at that place are and these are utilise with both or more things. name that name things are called Nouns. call of deal, days, months, cities and seasons are a excess descriptor of noun. They are called suitable noun. Doing spoken communication are called Verbs. We use can to talk nearly things that people are able to do.